Which laws were enacted in the South to restrict the rights of newly freed black slaves?

The correct answer is Black Codes. After the Civil War, as Southern states sought to maintain control over the newly freed black population, they enacted these laws to restrict the rights and freedoms of African Americans. Black Codes included various measures aimed at limiting the legal and economic opportunities for black individuals, effectively restoring many aspects of the pre-war system of racial oppression. These laws mandated things such as labor contracts, restricted property ownership, and imposed severe penalties for vagrancy.

The Jim Crow Laws, which emerged later, were also designed to enforce racial segregation and discrimination but were primarily enacted after the period of Reconstruction and built upon the foundations established by Black Codes. The Reconstruction Acts were intended to establish new governance in the South and protect the rights of black citizens, rather than restricting them. Civil Rights Acts were aimed at protecting the rights of African Americans and promoting equality, which stands in stark contrast to the intentions behind Black Codes. Thus, Black Codes specifically target the immediate post-Civil War efforts to curtail black freedoms.