What was the key strategy used by the Union to weaken the South during the Civil War?

The key strategy used by the Union to weaken the South during the Civil War was the implementation of the Anaconda Plan. This strategy, proposed by General Winfield Scott, aimed to suffocate the Confederate economy and restrict its ability to sustain the war effort. It involved a naval blockade of Southern ports, cutting off imports and exports to and from the Confederacy, which would significantly deplete their resources over time. Additionally, the plan included taking control of the Mississippi River to divide the Confederacy into two parts, further hindering their ability to coordinate and supply their forces effectively.

This multifaceted approach was designed to apply continuous pressure on Confederate forces, making it increasingly difficult for them to fight back. As the blockade cut off supplies, the South faced shortages of food, ammunition, and other critical materials, which ultimately contributed to their defeat. The Anaconda Plan was essential in shaping Union military strategy and was instrumental in achieving victory by undermining the South’s capacity to wage war.